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basilar membrane
The basilar membrane within the cochlea of the inner ear is a stiff structural element that separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani (see figure).
==Structure==
The basilar membrane is a pseudo-resonant structure〔M. Holmes and J. D. Cole, "Pseudoresonance in the cochlea, ' in: ''Mechanics of Hearing'', E. de Boer and M. A. Viergever (editors), Proceedings of the IUTAM/ICA Symposium, Delft (1983), pp. 45-52.〕 that, like strings on an instrument, varies in width and stiffness. The "string" of the basilar membrane is not a set of parallel strings, as in a guitar, but a long structure that has different properties (width, stiffness, mass, damping, and the dimensions of the ducts that it couples to) at different points along its length. The motion of the basilar membrane is generally described as a traveling wave. The parameters of the membrane at a given point along its length determine its characteristic frequency (CF), the frequency at which it is most sensitive to sound vibrations. The basilar membrane is widest (0.42–0.65 mm) and least stiff at the apex of the cochlea, and narrowest (0.08–0.16 mm) and most stiff at the base.〔Oghalai JS. The cochlear amplifier: augmentation of the traveling wave within the inner ear. ''Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery''. 12(5):431-8, 2004〕 High-frequency sounds localize near the base of the cochlea (near the round and oval windows), while low-frequency sounds localize near the apex.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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